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Sea Level Rise Impacts on Sea Water Intrusion into Gaza Strip Aquifer
Chapter 2Literature Review ……………………………………...…………......6
2.1 Climate Changes ……………………………………….……..…………….7
2.1.1 Definition of climate changes ………………………….………………………7
2.1.2 Causes of climate change ………………………………….…………………...8
2.1.3 Observed changes & Future prediction …………………………..…………….9
2.1.4 Impacts of climate change…………………………………………………….12
2.2 Sea level rise ……………………………………………………………14
2.2.1 Sea level rise historically …………………………………………..…………15
2.2.2 Approaches of study sea level rise impact…..………………………………...16
2.2.3 Concluding Remarks…………………………………………………………..28
Chapter 3 Study Area : Gaza Strip ……29
3.1 Geography…..…..…………………………………………………………….30
3.2 Geology……………………………………………………………………….30
3.3 Topography……....…………………………………………………………...31
3.4 Aquifer….…...………..…………...………………………………………….32
3.5 Soil…..…….……………………………………………..…………………...34
3.6 Rainfall…...…..……….………………………..…………………………….35
3.7 Population…………………………………………………………………….36
3.8 Ground Water Level…………...…………………………………………...37
3.9 Water Quality...……………………………………………………………...38
3.9.1 Chloride concentration………………………………………………………...39
3.9.2 Nitrate concentration…………………………………………………………..39
Chapter 4 Research Methodology ………………………………………..…..42
4.1 The Methodology……..….…………………………………………………..43
4.2 Preparing data...……………………………………………………………...45
4.3 Recharge Model…..…………………………………………………………45
4.4 Modflow Model………..……………………………………………………47
4.5 Seawat Model……………..…………………………………………………48
4.6 Prediction of future scenarios ………...…….………………………………...50
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